Renowned physicist Stephen Hawking has died at the age of 76, according to foreign media reports on 14.

His family has reportedly confirmed that Professor Hawking's children Lucy, Robert and Tim said in a statement, "Our beloved father has passed away today and we are extremely saddened by this. He was a great scientist, a remarkable man, and the success of his work will live on for many years to come. His courage and perseverance and his genius and humor have inspired people from all over the world. He once said: 'The universe means nothing if you can't provide a home for the people you love. 'We will miss him forever. "

Stephen William Hawking (born January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England) is a renowned physicist from the University of Cambridge, England, one of the greatest physicists of modern times and one of the great men of the 20th century who enjoyed international acclaim.

Hawking developed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease) at the age of 21, leaving him paralyzed, unable to speak, and with only three fingers on his hands to move.

What's so great about Stephen Hawking?

Hawking has been hailed as the most brilliant theoretical physicist since Einstein.

He was Lucasian Professor of Mathematics from 1979 to 2009, the most exalted professorship in the UK.

Hawking's main areas of research are cosmology and black holes, proving the singularity theorem of general relativity and the area theorem of black holes, proposing the phenomenon of black hole evaporation and the unbounded Hawking model of the universe, and taking an important step in unifying the two fundamental theories of 20th century physics - the theory of relativity founded by Einstein and quantum mechanics founded by Planck.

Stephen Hawking made a cameo appearance in the 21st episode of the fifth season of the hit American series The Big Bang Theory, which aired on April 6, 2012. Recorded the documentary Exploring a New Earth for the BBC in 2017. Physicist Stephen Hawking said Nov. 6 that technology holds the promise of reversing some of the harm industrialization has done to the planet and helping to eradicate disease and poverty, but that artificial intelligence needs to be controlled.

In November 2017, Stephen Hawking predicted that in 2600 years energy consumption will increase and the Earth may become a "fireball".

Young Stephen Hawking: nicknamed "Einstein"

Hawking's father was a specialist at Oxford University and his mother studied philosophy and politics at Oxford, so you can see out that Hawking was born into an academic family. Although he came from a bookish family, Hawking didn't do too well in school in his early years.

As a teenager, Hawking was never at the top of his class, his work was untidy, and his teachers despaired of his writing. But it's interesting that the nickname they gave him was "Einstein". In an amazing coincidence, the day of the great scientist's death also happened to be the birth of Albert Einstein.

And the influence of his father, who devoted himself to the study of tropical diseases, led Hawking to believe that it was perfectly natural for him to do scientific research. "The smartest kids take math and physics, the not-so-smart ones take biology."

Despite Hawking's belief that physics was a boring subject in school, chemistry was much more interesting. "But physics and astronomy give us hope for understanding where we came from and why we are here." Hawking is said to be particularly fond of designing complex toys. He used to assemble a simple computer from a bunch of junk stuff.

The onset of the disease at the age of 21, the doctor said he had 2 years to live at most

Hawking's university experience was a bit more varied, as he earned a first class honours degree in natural sciences at Oxford University in a very short time, before moving on to Cambridge University to study cosmology. He began to suffer from the disease at the age of 21 and was diagnosed with muscular dystrophy, when the doctors told him, "You're dying, you have two years to live at most. "

The atrophied limbs and the spirited mind constitute a strong conflict in Hawking's life. And in My Brief History, Hawking gives no padded account of his life spent almost in a wheelchair, as if the matter of illness was for him only a form of his existence, not an abyss of suffering as one might think.

After his diagnosis, Hawking not only realized that he was "going to die anyway, so he might as well do some good". Even though he's been paralyzed ever since and can only move three fingers, Hawking has survived, and gained love and marriage, and lived until he was 76.

Hawking obtained his PhD at the age of 23 and stayed at Cambridge University to do research. After the birth of his second child, his research into black holes began. He examined quantum effects near a black hole when it was slowly getting smaller by radiation while getting hotter and hotter, ending in an explosion and a complete failure of this experiment.

After the birth of his third child, Hawking's first marriage ended. The second marriage lasted another ten years or so. When you see a wheelchair-bound Stephen Hawking and his wife smiling knowingly at each other, you get the look of a very sunny-minded, normal person.

From suffering from ALS at age 21 and feeling that God was unjust, to 50 years later, two marriages, three beautiful and accomplished children, and a successful scientific career. He sees his disability as an asset in some ways instead, allowing him to devote himself to research without distraction, "My life has been full and fulfilling. "

As an up-knowing astronomical paraplegic, obviously alive and well we all thought he was dead. The man who was clearly a physicist, but who was always predicting the end of humanity and the destruction of the earth, thanks him for his outstanding contribution to human physics and wishes him well on his journey.

Stephen Hawking's four classic quotes

One: "Aliens" are watching you

Hawking said, "In the infinite vastness of the universe, there must be other forms of life. He said, "Maybe extraterrestrial life will be staring at us." " "Whether or not intelligent extraterrestrial life ultimately exists or not, it's time for someone to officially throw their hat in the ring. This is a question that we have to get to the bottom of. "

Two: Humanity must migrate to an alien planet within a thousand years or be "extinct"

In a speech in Los Angeles, USA, Hawking said that he believes it is basically certain that the Earth will be destroyed within the next 1,000 years by some cataclysmic event, such as a nuclear war or the greenhouse effect. Therefore, he stressed the need for humans to move to other planets. NASA Administrator Griffin has also said that it is impossible for a species on a single planet alone to survive in perpetuity.

Hawking said, "Human extinction is possible, but not inevitable, and I am an optimist who believes that scientific and technological developments and advances can eventually take humanity out of the solar system and to more distant places in the universe. "

III: Intelligent machines are the real human "enders"

Stephen Hawking has repeatedly stated that "the complete development of artificial intelligence could lead to the extinction of the human race." According to Hawking, AI technology does facilitate human life in its primary stages of development, but machines will likely redesign themselves at an ever-accelerating pace.

Humans, on the other hand, are constrained by the rate of biological evolution and are unable to compete with it and are eventually overtaken. The scientific community has named this turning point where artificial intelligence surpasses human intelligence the "singularity".

Four: "Black holes" don't exist? Only "grey holes"?

In a paper on "Information Preservation and Weather Forecasting in Black Holes", Hawking shocked the physics community again by stating that black holes "do not exist", but that "grey holes do exist".

Hawking proposed the famous "Hawking radiation" theory in 1976, which states that black holes are constantly emitting radiation in the form of energy to the outside world while their mass is decreasing during their formation. But once the black hole condenses and evaporates and disappears, all the information in it disappears with it, contradicting the theory that quantum mechanics determines that information of that type of matter never disappears completely. This is known as the "black hole paradox".

For more than 30 years, Hawking has tried to explain this contradictory view with various speculations. Now it seems that he gives a more convincing answer. Hawking admitted that his initial understanding of the "horizon" at the boundary of a black hole was flawed, and that light can actually cross the horizon. He claims that black holes never completely shut themselves off, and that matter and energy are released back into the universe after being trapped by them for a period of time.

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