According to the American standard TIA-942 "Communication Infrastructure Standards for Data Centers", IDCs are classified into four tiers: Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3, and Tier 4, taking into account the "availability", "stability", and "security" of the infrastructure. The most important feature of the T4 server room is the availability of disaster recovery services, and the T4 standard is the highest level of third-party server rooms. The data center services currently provided in China are mainly IDCs, which are mostly T2 level from the level, and the difference between T3 and T4 level is not only in the distribution and data center scale, but also because of its higher bandwidth tier.

1.Four levels are defined for data centre construction standards.

T1 Data Centre: Basic

T1 data centers can accept planned and unplanned outages of data services. Computer power distribution and cooling systems are required, but not necessarily overhead floors, UPSs, or generator sets. Without a UPS or generator system, this would be a single-loop system and would result in multiple single point failures. During annual overhauls and maintenance, such systems will be completely down, more frequent in case of emergency, and operational failures or equipment failures themselves will cause system outages.

T2 Data Center: Component Redundancy

The T2 data center equipment has component redundancy to reduce planned and unplanned system outages. This type of data center requires the provision of raised floors, UPS and generator sets, while equipment capacity should be designed to meet N+1 standby requirements with single-route distribution. When critical electrical equipment or other components require maintenance, equipment switching can be used to achieve no or short term system interruptions.

T3 data centre: online maintenance (fully redundant system)

The T3 level data center allows any planned action of the support system equipment without causing any service interruption to the equipment in the server room. Planned actions include planned regular maintenance, servicing, component replacement, equipment expansion or reduction, system or equipment testing, etc. Large data centers will install chilled water systems that require a dual or looped water supply. When other routes perform maintenance or test actions, you must ensure that the working routes have sufficient capacity and capability to support the proper operation of the system. Unplanned actions such as operational errors, equipment failures, etc. resulting in data center outages are acceptable. The T3 room should be easily upgradable to a T4 room when the owner has a commercial need or has sufficient budget to add on.

T4 data centre: fault-tolerant system

A T4 level data center requires support systems with sufficient capacity and capability to hedge the risk of critical load downtime due to any planned actions. Also fault tolerance requires that the support system has the ability to avoid the risk of critical load downtime due to at least 1 unplanned failure or event, which requires at least two real-time efficient distribution routes, N+N being the typical system architecture. For electrical systems, two independent (N+1) UPS are a must. However, according to the Fire Protection Electrical Code, a strong cut in the fire protection electrical system is allowed during a fire. The T4 server room requires dual fault-tolerant power supply for all server room equipment. Attention should also be paid to the fact that the T4 room support equipment must match the characteristics of the IT equipment in the server room.

2.building classification

Construction T1 level

No building protection is provided against man-made or natural disasters that could cause the data centre to go down; the live load on the floor of the equipment area is not less than 7.2 kPa, while the floor is required to meet an additional 1.2 kPa of suspended live load.

Construction T2 level

The T2 room shall meet all the requirements of the T1 room and have architectural protection to avoid paralysis of the room due to natural disasters or vandalism; the partition wall and ceiling of the room shall prevent moisture from intruding and damaging the use of mechanical equipment; all security doors shall be solid wood doors with metal frames, and the doors of the security equipment room and security room shall provide 180-degree full-view observation holes; all security doors shall be full-height doors (from the floor to the ceiling); the partition wall of the security equipment room and security room shall be rigid partition wall with a thickness of not less than 16mm and shall be fixed with screws at least every 300mm; the live load on the floor of the equipment area shall be not less than 8.4kPa, and the floor shall also meet the hanging live load of 1.2kPa.

Construction T3 level

In addition to meeting T2 requirements, the following requirements should be met: alternate entrances and exits and safety monitoring points, alternate safe access roads, no exterior windows on the exterior walls of the engine room, electromagnetic shielding protection for construction systems, electromagnetic shielding protection for steel structures, shielding layers can be sheets or metal mesh with aluminum foil, anti-following systems should be set up for machine entrances, physical partitions should be provided for redundant equipment to reduce the possibility of simultaneous downtime, and protective fences should be set up to control non-normal intrusions. At the same time, microwave detection and video surveillance system should be set up on the periphery of the building, the factory should set up access control system, the engine room area, the power area should be set up access control system, and provide access control center monitoring system, the equipment area ground live load is not less than 12kPa, while the floor needs to meet 2.4kPa hanging live load.

Construction T4 level

In addition to meeting the requirements of T3, the following requirements should be met: redundant protection measures for the same hazard should be considered; potential earthquake, flood, fire, wind, storm and terrorist and psychiatric protection measures should be considered; diesel generators should be located outdoors or in other buildings; tank areas should be planned outdoors and as close as possible to diesel engines; data centre buildings located in seismic zones 0, 1 and 2 should be designed for seismic resistance in seismic zone 3, and data centre buildings located in seismic zones 3 and 4 should be designed for seismic resistance in seismic zone 4, with an importance factor of 1.5 for all equipment; data centre equipment and racks located in seismic zones 3 and 4 should be designed with top-mounted seismic brackets; and live ground loads of not less than 12 kPa should be applied to the equipment areas, while additional suspended live loads of 2.4 kPa should be applied to the floor.

3.Electrical grading

Electrical T1 level

Class T1 server rooms are required to provide only minimum electrical distribution to meet IT equipment load requirements; little or no redundancy requirements for power supply capacity; single circuit power supply; no maintenance redundancy requirements for power supply circuits; single equal capacity diesel generator system may be installed for capacity backup, but no redundancy is required; ATS switch for power switching between diesel generator system and transformer system; ATS is not mandatory; analog loads are required; single equal capacity UPS system is required; UPS system shall be compatible with diesel system; UPS shall have maintenance bypass to ensure proper power supply when UPS is serviced; emergency power may come to different transformers and switchboards; transformers shall be capable of meeting non-linear load usage requirements; PDUs and field isolation transformers are required; redundancy is not required for power distribution system; grounding system is provided; data center grounding trunking is not required, but shall meet equipment manufacturer's grounding requirements; lightning protection shall meet NFPA 780 related regulations.

Electrical T2 level

In addition to meeting the T1 requirements, the T2 level data center should also meet the following requirements: T2 server rooms should provide N+1 UPS systems. Provide a generator system with the capacity to meet all data centre load requirements; standby generators are not required. No redundant design is required for power equipment and distribution equipment. Analog load connections shall be provided for generator and UPS system testing. Centralized PDU power distribution shall be provided for critical server room equipment distribution. The PDU outgoing line should be configured with a branch circuit. The two redundant PDUs should be powered by different UPS systems and feed the same IT wiring closet. Single-phase or three-phase IT rack power is sourced from two different PDUs, and the dual power supply allows for static gapless switching. The dual-inlet static conversion PDUs supply power from different UPS systems and can power single-phase or three-phase equipment. Color coding standards are used to distinguish between the A and B supply cables. Only one patch panel can be powered per circuit to prevent a single circuit failure from affecting too many patch panels. For power distribution redundancy, each rack or cabinet power distribution circuit has a switching capacity of 20A, sourced from a different PDU or distribution panel. Industrial self-locking receptacles meeting NEMA L5-20R standards are required to be used in rack power distribution systems, while the distribution switch capacity shall be scaled up to the capacity of the equipment and the source of the distribution circuit shall be indicated. Mechanical equipment distribution does not require a redundant design. Require that a grounding system be provided with a ground resistance of less than 5 ohms. Requires a strong cut in the fire power system.

Electrical T3 level

In addition to meeting T2 requirements, T3 class data centers should also meet the following requirements: T3 data centers require that all server room equipment distribution, mechanical equipment distribution, distribution routing, generators, UPS, etc. provide N+1 redundancy, while dual power distribution at the end of the air conditioner, and maintenance or single point of failure of cables and distribution cabinets do not affect equipment operation. Medium and high voltage system with at least dual power supply, configured with ATS, dry type transformer, transformer satisfies N+1 or 2N redundancy in natural air cooling condition, online diesel system for power supply in case of power interruption. The storage tank is installed close to the plant and caters for 72 hours of full diesel engine operation. Automatic connection of oiler system power to the main system via ATS in case of loss of utility power.

The dual supply pump system can be controlled manually and automatically, with power distribution coming from different power sources. Separate redundant daily oil tanks and oil supply line systems are provided to ensure proper oil supply to the oiler in the event of failure or oil line contamination, without affecting the operation of the oiler. The oiler should be equipped with a dual starter and dual battery system. ASTS is used for PDUs to implement a two-way topology power distribution system for critical IT load distribution. A central power monitoring system is set up to monitor all major power system equipment such as main distribution cabinets, main switches, generators, UPS, ASTS, PDUs, MCC, surge protection, mechanical systems, etc. In addition, a separate programmable logic control system (PLC) is required for the monitoring and operation management of the mechanical system to improve the operational efficiency of the system, while a redundant server system is used to ensure the stable operation of the control system.

Electrical T4 level

In addition to meeting the requirements of the T3 data center, the T4-level data center should also meet the following requirements: T4 room all equipment, systems, modules, routes, etc. need to be designed to be designed in 2 (N1) mode; The engine room equipment repair channel must be isolated from other non-essential equipment service channels, and the building has at least two electrical or other power inlet lines from and from each other.

4.Mechanical grading

Mechanical T1 level

If the air conditioning system uses water-cooled equipment such as chilled water systems or cooling water systems, then as much of the same equipment as possible is used to meet the design conditions and no redundancy is required; the piping system is a single circuit system, so a piping failure or maintenance will result in a partial or complete air conditioning system shutdown; and if there is a generator system, then the capacity of the air conditioning equipment will be credited to the generator capacity.

Mechanical T2 level

T2A class data center air conditioning system uses multiple air conditioning units for centralized cooling to maintain temperature and humidity control requirements in critical areas； The general use ofN+1 The alternate way of； If a water cooling system is used， Related equipment needs to be of the same specification， and provide additional1 Units for back-up； Piping system with single circuit system， So when a line fails or is repaired， Will cause a partial or complete shutdown of the air conditioning system； The air conditioning system for the server room should be designed to be year-round365 day， daily7 day， each day24 Hourly continuous operation mode； Machine room air conditioning with at leastN+1 Alternate mode， Also require at least one spare for every three or four units； The machine room and its auxiliary areas require a certain positive pressure in relation to the outdoors； All air conditioning equipment distribution capacity shall be credited to generator capacity； To reduce the impact of electrical system failures on air conditioning systems， Power supply for air conditioning equipment is derived from as many circuits as possible from multiple distribution panels； Temperature control system power distribution should be derived fromUPS and provide redundant backup power； The form of air supply to the data center should be adjusted according to the rack and server arrangement； The air-conditioned plant room equipment should have sufficient capacity to offset The generator system is used to provide power to the UPS system and other mechanical equipment; an oil storage tank system needs to be installed in the plant to meet the rated operating conditions for 24-hour generator operation; a two-way oil supply system needs to be designed and can provide manual and automatic control, with each oil supply pump powered from a separate power distribution system; a redundant and mutually isolated oil storage system is designed to ensure that oil line contamination or other mechanical failures do not affect the operation of the entire generator system.

Mechanical T3 level

T3-level data center air conditioning system is the use of multiple air-conditioning equipment centralized refrigeration to maintain the temperature and humidity control requirements of important areas, equipment redundancy is to allow a single panel failure air-conditioning system can still meet refrigeration needs, if the air-conditioning system using water-cooled equipment such as frozen water system or cooling water system, then in the premise of meeting the design conditions, as far as possible to use the same specifications of equipment, equipment redundancy is to allow a single panel failure air conditioning system can still meet refrigeration requirements This level of redundancy requires the air conditioner and its associated equipment end dual circuit power supply, the pipeline system uses dual circuit routing, any pipeline maintenance or failure will not cause the interruption of the air conditioning system, the room air conditioning power supply is powered by a dual circuit, the power supply from different distribution systems, all the room air conditioning capacity needs to be recorded in the generator capacity, data center refrigeration equipment N1, N2, 2N or 2 (N1) redundancy is feasible, provided that the equipment maintenance and failure does not affect the normal refrigeration requirements For the number of installations of precision air conditioners, taking into account maintenance and spare factors, precision air conditioning cooling circuits should be grouped as detailed as possible, if frozen or cooling water is used, each data center should have a dedicated branch circuit and be directed from the main water supply loop by a separate pump system, and the water loop should be located in a lower mezzanine sink around the data center to ensure that the leak is collected in the sink. Leak detection sensors are installed in the sink to detect pipeline leakage, and redundancy and adequate isolation of frozen water lines should be considered.

Mechanical T4 level

A T4 level data center air conditioning system uses multiple air conditioning units for centralized cooling to maintain temperature and humidity control requirements in critical areas; equipment redundancy is used in a manner that allows the air conditioning system to still meet cooling requirements in the event of a single switchboard failure; if the air conditioning system uses water-cooled equipment such as chilled water systems or cooling water systems, then as much equipment of the same specification as possible is used, provided that the design conditions are met; equipment redundancy is used in a manner that allows the air conditioning system to still meet cooling requirements in the event of a single switchboard failure; redundancy requirements at this level require dual circuit power supply at the end of the air conditioning and its associated equipment; piping systems are routed in dual circuits so that any piping maintenance or failure does not cause interruptions to the air conditioning system; power supply for air conditioning in the server room is supplied in dual circuits with power coming from different distribution systems; storage tanks are available when conditions permit.

(ii) Rating criteria for domestic data centres

(Note: This standard applies to the classification of operator rooms)

According to the national "Classification and Assessment of Star Rating of IDC Industry Server Rooms" GB2887-89 stipulates the conditions for the classification of star rating of IDC industry server rooms. The standard applies to IDC industry server rooms of all economic nature that are officially open for business. The number and color of the stars () indicate the grade of the IDC industry server room, and the stars are divided into five grades, namely, one star, two stars, three stars, four stars, five stars (including diamond five stars), and the higher the star, the higher the grade of the IDC industry server room. Among them, 3-star and below server rooms are defined as low-end server rooms, 4-star as mid-range server rooms, and 5-star and above as high-end server rooms. In addition, they are divided by the building scale of the server room, infrastructure specifications, geographical location, the type of equipment used (imported/domestic) and the bandwidth tier (core tier/backbone tier/metro tier) used in the server room, and a national certificate of recognition is issued to the eligible IDC server rooms.

Here's an explanation.， Domestic and foreign standards are not the same though， However, the corresponding internationalT4 Standard Data Centre， Equivalent to a national five-star data centre， internationalT3 Standard Data Centre， Equivalent to a national four-star data centre； The corresponding ones here are the mid-rangeIDC computer room& high-endIDC computer room。

I have worked very hard to put it together, and I hope it will be of some help to the majority of users. necessary Server Rental and Hosting The can consult the world data online customer service!

transfer from：http://www.idcbest.com/idcnews/11001707.html

Recommended>>
1、Science DNA technology has been used to find the Golden State killer
2、International Political Studies No 6 2017
3、How large traditional businesses can spin to win
4、TensorFlow Core Usage Essentials
5、Office 2013 software installation tutorial

已发送

发送中